Source reconstruction · Proposed
Corruption in Kenya, 2014
From Transparency International’s 2014 Anti-Corruption Helpdesk brief · reconstructed by AI
Question 2 of 6 · In the way
What stands in the way?
What is happening now, and why.
- Statements
- 22
- Connections
- 16
- Open questions
- 1
How to read it. Read from the bottom up: each arrow means “contributes to”.
ProblemCauseObservationandJoint conditionsFrom another part
Part 1 of 4
How Kenya scored in 2014
Two framing observations from the brief: where Kenya stood on corruption indices, and a history of anti-corruption promises followed by scandal. No causal connections are drawn.
Draws on Samira Lindner, Transparency International (document).
Outline
- ObservationAs of 2013, Kenya ranked 136th of 177 countries on Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index and had sat between the 10th and 20th percentile for control of corruption in the World Bank's governance indicators since 1996.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- ObservationCorruption and looting of state assets were widespread under one-party rule after independence; a government elected in 2002 on an anti-corruption platform was itself caught up in major scandals within two years.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
Part 2 of 4
Why senior officials went unpunished
Diluted laws, a commission that could not prosecute and overloaded courts together let senior officials escape conviction, and public trust fell. Candidate causes, as of 2014.
Draws on Samira Lindner, Transparency International (document).
Outline
- ProblemConfidence in the government's fight against corruption fell: 70% of respondents rated it effective in 2011, 34% in 2013.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- ↑ contributes to
- ProblemAs of 2014, senior officials implicated in corruption were rarely prosecuted or convicted; the few convictions were for petty cases with lenient sentences.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- ↑ contributes to all of these together
- CauseAs of 2014, laws meant to put the 2010 constitution into effect had been diluted, and many anti-corruption laws were not implemented.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- CauseThe Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission could investigate and recover assets but could not prosecute; it forwarded cases for others to prosecute.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- CauseCourts were understaffed, underfinanced and backlogged, and corruption within the judiciary persisted: 58% of respondents reported paying it a bribe.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- ↑ contributes to
- ↑ contributes to
- ↑ contributes to
- ↑ contributes to all of these together
- ProblemAs of 2014, senior officials implicated in corruption were rarely prosecuted or convicted; the few convictions were for petty cases with lenient sentences.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- ↑ contributes to
Beyond this part · 6 links
- Senior officials are rarely convicted. contributes to School funds were lost and donors pulled out. in “Where public money went”
- Senior officials are rarely convicted. contributes to KSh 34bn was spent without records. in “Where public money went”
- The commission can't prosecute. addressed by Give the commission power to prosecute. The change
- Courts are overloaded and themselves corrupt. addressed by Resource the courts for corruption cases. The change
- Accused officials stay in or return to office. addressed by Restore vetting and check asset declarations. The change
- Asset declarations go unchecked. addressed by Restore vetting and check asset declarations. The change
Part 3 of 4
Where public money went
Thin budget oversight, combined with impunity, left school funds lost and billions spent without records.
Draws on Samira Lindner, Transparency International (document).
Outline
- ProblemBudget money was misappropriated: a 2011 audit found KSh 4.2 billion meant for free primary education lost between 2005 and 2009, and several donors withdrew their support.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- ↑ contributes to all of these together
- ProblemAs of 2014, senior officials implicated in corruption were rarely prosecuted or convicted; the few convictions were for petty cases with lenient sentences.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- ↑ contributes to all of these together
- CauseAs of 2014, laws meant to put the 2010 constitution into effect had been diluted, and many anti-corruption laws were not implemented.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- CauseThe Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission could investigate and recover assets but could not prosecute; it forwarded cases for others to prosecute.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- CauseCourts were understaffed, underfinanced and backlogged, and corruption within the judiciary persisted: 58% of respondents reported paying it a bribe.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- ↑ contributes to
- ↑ contributes to
- ↑ contributes to
- ↑ contributes to all of these together
- CauseBudget oversight was thin: parliament and the Auditor General lacked resources and time, and audit reports left out extra-budgetary funds.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- ProblemAs of 2014, senior officials implicated in corruption were rarely prosecuted or convicted; the few convictions were for petty cases with lenient sentences.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- ↑ contributes to all of these together
- ProblemThe 2012–13 audit of government ministries found nearly KSh 34 billion of public money spent without records, and experts consulted for the brief said officials had not been held accountable.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- ↑ contributes to all of these together
- ProblemAs of 2014, senior officials implicated in corruption were rarely prosecuted or convicted; the few convictions were for petty cases with lenient sentences.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International shown above
- CauseBudget oversight was thin: parliament and the Auditor General lacked resources and time, and audit reports left out extra-budgetary funds.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International shown above
- ↑ contributes to all of these together
Beyond this part · 3 links
- Senior officials are rarely convicted. contributes to Trust in the fight fell from 70% to 34%. in “Why senior officials went unpunished”
- Budget oversight is thin. addressed by Put the public finance law fully into effect. The change
- Budget oversight is thin. addressed by Audit all funds and report to the public. The change
Part 4 of 4
Party money, procurement and the police
Patronage parties needed opaque money, which the brief links to procurement scandals and vote-buying. Weak police oversight left the police the most bribed institution.
Draws on Samira Lindner, Transparency International (document).
Outline
- ProblemAs of 2013, petty bribery was pervasive: 70% of Global Corruption Barometer respondents said they had paid a bribe to at least one of eight public services in the past year.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- ProblemAs of 2013, firms were expected to give gifts to win government contracts (about 28%) and construction permits (about 33%), above the continental averages.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- ↑ contributes to
- CausePublic procurement favoured well-connected firms and individuals, and security procurement escaped the normal rules and oversight.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
- ↑ contributes to
- ProblemElections were marked by irregularities: the disputed 2007 result led to violence that killed more than 1,000 people, and the 2013 election saw vote-buying and corruption charges over the procurement of voter identification devices.From Samira Lindner, Transparency International
Beyond this part · 2 links
- Party and campaign money is opaque. addressed by Limit and verify campaign money. The change
- Police oversight and reform lag. addressed by Finish police reform and fund its oversight. The change
Where this comes from
In the Logical Thinking Process this view is a current reality tree. How a commons works →